Lecture #6

 

 

Web and user interface design

 

slides.com/jkohlin/web6/live

Next Lab

Flex repetition

align-items

cross-axis alignment

justify-content

main axis alignment

flex-direction

make horizontal be vertical

Values

row (default)

column

row-reverse

column-reverse

Confusing behaviour!

When changing direction:

  • justify-contents adjusts vertically
  • align-items adjust horizontally
  • fles-basis becomes height

flex-direction

column-reverse

align-content

(when flex-wrap:wrap)

Courtesy of css-trix

align-content

(when flex-wrap:wrap)

align-self

A flex-item property

order

re-arranging flex items

/*
 * Lowest number goes to the left. 
 * Negative numbers can be used.
 * 0 is default
 */

.post-image {
  order: -2;
}
.post-container {
  order: -1
}


/*for mobile */

.post-container {
  order: -2
}
.post-image {
  order: -1;
}

Flex playground

Flexbox

Exercise

Make this codepen look like this mockup

Lists as menus

  • A menu is a list of links
  • Screen readers say "list of 3 items"
  • Looks like a menu even with CSS disabled

menus in lists or not (read)

How a screen reader explains menus in lists

Styling lists as menus

the basics

<ul>
    <li>Home</li>
    <li>Products</li>
    <li>About us</li>
</ul>
ul {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}
  • Home
  • Products
  • About us

Home Products About us

Additional ways to make a list horizontal here

  1. make children stack horizontally
  2. remove bullets
  3. remove default indentation

Pseudo classes

selector:pseudo-class

e.g.

a:hover
pseudo-selector description
:target a document fragment that match the URL (ju.se#id)
a:link unvisited link
a:visited visited link
:hover when mouse is over the selector
:active mouse is pressed down (links and buttons)

interactive pseudo classes

Pseudo classes

pseudo-selector description
p:not(.red) all <p> except <p class="red">
li:first-child first element in a group of siblings
li:last-child last element in a group of siblings
li:nth-child(n+1) select which child in a group of siblings

advanced selectors

all pseudo.classes

nth-child demo

Pseudo elements

add content using css

::before

::after

blockquote::before {
  content: ' ” ';
}
blockquote::after {
  content: ' “ ';
}
<blockquote>
  
  <span> ” </span> <!-- Added before the content -->
  
  To be, or not to be…
  
  <span> “ </span> <!-- Added after the content -->
  
</blockquote>

Creating you own baseline grid

(not talking about display: grid)

Grids on the web

  • Cannot "snap" to baseline grid like InDesign
  • Multi column is not a thing for web
  • Use line-height to set your grid base
  • Decide on a base unit e.g. 8px
  • Multiply that and use for:
    • line-height, margin, padding, width and height
  • tip: create a background grid-image in XD

example: 8px-grid

16 px

8 px

32 px

64 px

Deciding on a grid

use the base square to decide on your layout grid

Font-size: 16px

line-height: 24px

column width: 12x8 = 96px

gutter: 32px

Create a template

Easier to design with a visual grid

Create a grid piece in e.g. photoshop

Use as background

    body {
      margin:0;
      background-image: url('grid.png');
    }

Grids in XD

Grids in Photoshop

A template background makes it easier to see that your doing it right

Next week

watch me build a website